Hinge



March 7',` 1939. J. www 149,973 y HINGE Filed April l5, 1937 INVENTOR. fdl/4 anw/q* BY v f ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 7, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HINGE John Ludwig, Detroit, Mich.

Application April 15, 1937, Serial No. 136,978

7 Claims. (Cl. 16-164) My invention relates to a new and useful imare limited. In the form illustrated, one of the provement in a hinge adapted for use in mounthinge sections or butts comprises a Ueshaped 111s a body swineably 0n a Stationary supporting body forming a part of which is the leg I4, which structure and resembles in many respects the is attached tothe swingable body I2. This at- 5 structure set forth in my co-pending application, tachrnent may be made by welding the leg I4 to 5v Serial No. 122,735, led January 28, 1937, and now the body I2 or in` any other suitable manner. matured into Patent No. 2,133,554, dated October This U-shaped portion, of which the leg I4 con- 13, 1938. stitutes a part, is the swingable section of the It is an object of the invention to provide a hinge. The other section or butt is stationary l swingable hinge section so arranged and conand also comprises a U-shaped structure having 10 structed that as it swings to fully open position, the legs I5 and I6 and the bight I'I. The terits pivoted end will swing past center, and thus minal portion of the legs I5 and IB are turned the Vswinging of the swingable body toward closed outwardly to provide the lugs I8 and I9 through position will be resisted. which screws may be projected to secure this It is Vanother object of the invention tot provide hinge section on the stationary body I3. The 15 ina hinge of this type, a structure whereby the swingable hinge section, having the leg I4, also swingable portion of the hinge will, as it swings comprises the bight 2i) and leg 2|, which extends to fully open position, engage an abutment on the at an inclination to the bight 2l) and which is stationary part of the hinge, soy that its swingable provided adjacent its end with the olfset or outmovement to further open position, will be prewardly projecting lug 22. 20

vented. To swingably mount the swingable hinge sec- Another object of the invention is the provision tion on the stationary hinge section, I provide of a hinge of this class, so constructed that when a structure embodying the pintles 22 and 23 it is swung to fully open position its swinging which project through the legs I5 and I 6 of the further in the direction of opening will be prestationary section of the hinge and which are 25 vented and its swinging to closed position will be knurled at their ends as at 24 so that they do not resisted. rotate relatively to the legs I5 and I6. 'I'he Other objects will appear herein. pintle 22 projects through a pair of links 25 at The invention consists in the various forms and one of their ends. A pintle 25 also projects arrangements of structure hereinafter described through the other ends of the links 25 and 30 and claimed and will be best understood by a through the knuckle 2'I which serves to retain reference to the accompanying drawing, which the links 25 spaced so that they lie in close enforms a part of this specication, and in which. gagement with the inner faces of the legs I5 and Fig. 1 is a top plan View of the invention with i6. The pintle 22 also projects through the parts broken away and parts shown in section, coil 28 of a coil spring, which has its ends 29 35 illustrating the hinge in closing position. angularly turned which, at certain positions of Fig. 2 is a View similar to Fig. 1 showing the movement of the links 25, engage these links. hinge in slightly open position. This spring is made from a single piece of Wire Fig. 3 is a View similar to Fig. 2 showing the and it is doubled upon itself to provide a tongue hinge in fully opened position. 30 which engages in an opening formed in the 40 Fig. 4 is a side elevational View of the invenbight I1. A knuckle 2'I is formed on the outer tion. end of the lug 22 and is integral therewith as Fig. 5 is a sectional View taken on line 5-5 of shown in Fig. 1. Fig. .4. A knuckle 30 is formed in the end of the leg 2I Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6-6 and through this knuckle is extended the pintle 45 taken on line I. 3l. which also passes through one end of the Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line 1 1 of links 32. The pintle 23, passes through the op- Fg. 1. posite ends of the links 32 and through a spacing In. Fig. 1 I have illustrated the invention used sleeve 33, which is placed between these links to for mounting a swingable body or door l2 on a retain them lying in the same plane as the cor- 50 stationary supporting structure I3. This hinge responding links: 25. The construction is such which embodies a pair of butts, is of the Conthat the swinging of the swingable hinge section, cealed type and is especially adapted for usey in either toi open or closing position, will swing the mounting a vehicle door on the supporting struclinks 32 and 25 on their pivots 23 and 22 respecture so that outward projections and obstructions tively. At the same time, then, the hinge will 55 point in the outward swinging of this hinge and,

in Fig. 2 the hinge is illustrated as closely approaching this critical point, when the pivot pins 26 and 3| will be on center as they swing on an arc, determined by the links and 32 respectively on the respective pivots 22' and 23 of these links. able hinge section will cause the pivots 26 and 3| to swing past center. As the hinge moves from the position shown in Fig. 1 the offset portion 22 together with the link 25 will serve as a toggleV and consequently, as the swingable section is swung downwardly in Fig. l, the links 32 will move ldownwardly until the toggle referred to, reaches center, thegfarthest movement of the links 32 being at the point when the toggle is on center as shown YVon'lig. 2. YA further swinging will move/the toggle pastrcenter and break it in the opposite direction. As the toggle thus moves past center, the angularly turned ends 29, of the spring, begin to'resist the swinging movement of the links 25. As the outward swinging continues the movement of the links 25 will continue in the same direction until the toggle formed by the links 32Vand the offset portion 22, reaches dead center. Until the toggle formed by the projection 22 and the'links 32 reaches dead center, this toggle is broken inV one direction as indicatedrin Fig. 2. When the toggle embodying the'linksr32 and the offset portion 22 reaches dead center, a further outward swinging of the door will break this toggle in the opposite direction and a further outward swinging after the breaking of this toggle in the opposite direction, will cause the links 25 to reverse their direction of movementY so that they move at therend which is pivoted on the pintle 26 toward the bight I1 of the U-shaped stationary section; vThis reverse movement is assisted by the pressure of the spring Vso that as the hinge is swung outwardly to open position, it travels a slight distance free from any action of the spring, and then it travels a larger distance against the compression of the spring, untilit reaches the critical point referred to,

whereupon the spring assists the outward Vswing-Y ing. In order to check this outward swinging,

I have struck from the legs I5 and I6, abutment tongues 34 and 35 respectively, against which the leg 2| will engage.. Thus there is provided a structure in which the outward swinging of the closure is resisted by a! spring which also, after the door has been swung to fully open position, serves to'resist its swinging to closed position until after it has been swung a slight distancel toward closed position, at which time, the spring will facilitate closing but the action of the spring in swinging the closure to closed positionY ceases to function before the closure is fully closed.

In this way I have provided a hinge which is of durable construction, which has proven most eilicient andwhich may be mounted as a concealed hinge. Y Y While I have illustrated andY described the preferred form of construction I do not wish to limit myself to the precise details of structure shown but desire to avail myself of such variation and modifications'as come within the scope to the appended claims.

Further outwardrswinging of the swing-Y What I claim as new is: 1. A hinge of the class described, comprising:

a stationary part; a swingable part, there being Ypin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said second link to the end knuckle of said swingable part, said first link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough, forming a toggle and said second link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough forming a second toggle, the mounting of said links on said stationary part being such that upon swinging of said swingable part to open position, said toggles will be moved toward center andsaid rst toggle moved beyond center prior to the movement of said second toggle on, to center, and said second toggle movingV beyond center immediately prior to the termination of the swingable movement.

2. A hinge of the class described, comprising: a stationary part; a swingable part, there being a. knuckle formed adjacent one end of'said swingable part; a laterally off-set` knuckle-bearing portion on said end of said swingable part; a link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said link to said stationary part; a pivot pin. pivotally connecting the opposite end of' said link to the knuckleA of said off-set portion; aY

second link; a pivot pinpivotally connecting one end of said second link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said second link to the end Vknuckle of said swingable part, said rst link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the'pivot pins projecting therethrough, forming a toggle and said second link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough forming a second toggle, the mounting of-said links on said stationary part being such that upon, swinging of said swingable part to 'open position, said toggles` will be moved toward center and said first toggle moved beyond center prior to the movement' of said second toggle on to center, and said second toggle moving beyond center immediately prior to the termination of the swingable movement, said first toggle after swinging beyond center moving said second toggle beyond center.YV

3. A hinge of the class described, comprising:

a stationary part; a swingable part, there-being a knuckle formed adjacent one end of said swingable part; a laterally off-set knuckle-bearing portion onssaid endoi said swingable part; a link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said link to the knuckle of said oli-set portion; a second link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said second link to said stationary part; a. pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said second link to the end knuckle of said swingable part, said first link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough, forming a toggle and said second link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivotv pins projecting therethrough for-mingafsecond toggle, the mounting of said linkson said stationary part being-such that upon swinging-vof Vsaidswir'igable part to open position, said toggles will be moved toward center and said first toggle movedy beyond center prior to the movement oi said second toggle on to center, and said second toggle moving beyond center immediately prior to the termination. of the swingable movement, said first toggle after swinging beyond center moving backwardly toward center upon the swinging of said second toggle beyond center, and a spring engageable with said first link for resisting movement of said rst toggle toward center and beyond center.

4. A hinge of the class described, comprising: a stationary part; a swingable part, there being a knuckle formed adjacent one end of said swingable part; a laterally off-set knucklebearing portion on said end of said swingable part; a link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said link to the knuckle of said off-set portion; a second link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said second link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said second link to the end knuckle of said swingable part, said first link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough, forming a toggle and said second link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough forming a second toggle, the mounting of said links on said stationary part being such that upon swinging of said swingable part to open position, said toggles will be moved toward center and said rst toggle moved beyond center prior to the movement of said second toggle on to center, and said second toggle moving beyond center immediately prior to the termination of the swingable movement, said first toggle after swinging beyond center moving backwardly toward center upon the swinging of said Second toggle beyond center, and a spring engageable with said first mentioned link upon swinging oi' the same a predetermined distance toward open position and resisting swinging movement of said rst toggle toward center and beyond center.

5. A hinge of the class described, comprising: a stationary part; a swingable part, there being a knuckle formed adjacent one end of said swingable part; a laterally off-set knuckle-bearing portion on said end .of said swingable part; a link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end said link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said link to the knuckle of said off-set portion; a second link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said second link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end oi said second link to the end knuckle of said swingable part, said first link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough, forming a toggle and said second link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough forming a second toggle, the mounting of said links on said stationary part being such that upon swinging of said swingable part to open position, said toggles will be moved toward center and said first toggle moved beyond center prior to the movement of said second toggle on to center, and said second toggle moving "beyond center immediately prior to the terminat-ion of theswingable movement, said rst toggle Iafter swinging beyond center moving backwardlytoward centerupon the swinging of said second-toggle `beyond center, and .a spring engageable with' said' irs't mentioned link upon swinging rofy thef same l apredetermined distance toward open position and resisting swinging movement of said first toggle toward center and beyond center, said spring resisting swingable movement of said swingable part toward open position throughout a portion of its swinging movement and assisting said swingable movement throughout the remainder of its swingable movement.

6. A hinge of the class described, comprising: a stationary part; a swingable part, there being a knuckle formed adjacent one end of said swingable part; a laterally off-set knuckle-bearing portion on said end of said swingable part; a link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said link to the knuckle of said off-set portion; a second link; a pivot pin pivotally connecting one end of said second link to said stationary part; a pivot pin pivotally connecting the opposite end of said second link to the end knuckle of said swingable part, said first link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough, forming a toggle and said second link and the portion of said swingable part lying between the pivot pins projecting therethrough forming a second toggle, the mounting of said links on said stationary part being such that upon swinging of said swingable part to open position, said toggles will be moved toward center and said rst toggle moved beyond center prior to the movement of said A,

backwardly toward center upon the swinging of said second toggle beyond center, and a spring engageable with said first mentioned link upon swinging of the same a predetermined distance toward open position and resisting swinging movement of said first toggle toward center and beyond center, said spring resisting `swingable movement of said swingable part toward open position throughout a portion of its swinging movement and assisting said swingable movement throughout the remainder of its swingable movement; and an abutment on said stationary part for engaging said swingable part and checking its movement when swinging to open position.

7. A hinge of the class described, adapted for mounting a swingable closure on a stationary body comprising: a stationary hinge section and a swingable hinge section, said stationary hinge section being Xedly mounted on said stationary body and onel end of said swingable hinge section being xedly attached to the closure; a pair of links each pivotally mounted at one of its ends on said stationary hinge section in spaced relation to each other; means for pivotally connecting the free end of one of the links to the opposite end of said swingable hinge section; means for connecting the free end of the other of said links to said swingable hinge section adjacent said opposite end and inwardly therefrom, the points of connection of said links with said swingable hinge section being spaced apart to provide a toggle between the pivot of one of said links on said stationary section and the two pivotal points vof the free ends of said links, said toggle being moved past center immediately prior to the termination of the swinging of saidv clossure to closed position andV arranged to provide a second toggle betweenrthe pvot of the other of said links on said stationary hinge section and the pivotal points of the free ends of said links, said second toggle being moved past center y 

